毕业设计PID控制性能评价研究.docVIP

摘要 长期以来，控制理论的研究主要集中在各种控制策略的研究上，而有关运行中的控制系统性能评价的研究却很少。工业过程中控制性能的监测和评估己越来越受到关注，而绝大部分控制回路采用PID控制器，很有必要研究它的控制品质。而且人们也普遍认识到，控制系统若没有定期的维护，它的性能会随着时间推移而逐渐退化。性能不好的控制器会降低控制系统的有效性，从而导致产品质量的降低或者操作成本的增大。因此，只有那些得到良好设计、整定和维护的过程控制系统才能真正为生产带来长期、稳定和可靠的效益。PID控制是工业过程控制中应用最广泛的方法，因为这种控制策略不仅具有简单的控制结构，而且在许多过程控制应用中都能够获得满意的控制效果。 本文的主要研究工作和成果包括以下几个方面: 1.在回顾PID控制器的历史和发展现状的基础上，着重介绍PID控制性能评价的方法，包括确定性方法和随机性方法。 2.着重研究了最小方差准则原理以及单回路反馈控制系统性能评价、前馈-反馈控制系统性能评价、串级控制系统性能评价。 3.最后进行了各系统的仿真分析，仿真结果表明综合寻优得到的PID控制器在抑制随机干扰和设定值跟踪方面有良好的控制性能，也有很好的鲁棒性。 4.论文最后是全篇的总结，并展望了PID控制器设计和性能评价等领域所面临的挑战。 关键词：PID控制；性能评价；确定性；随机性；最小方差。 Abstract Long-term since, control theory research mainly focus on various control strategy, and relevant research on the operation of the control system performance evaluation is little research. Industrial process control performance monitoring and assessment has more attention, but most of the control circuit adopts PID controller, it is necessary to study its control quality. And there is also widespread realized, the control system without regular maintenance, its performance will be gradually over time, and degradation. The controller can reduce performance is validity of the control system, leading to a drop in the quality of products or the operation cost increases. Therefore, only those who get good design, setting and maintenance of performance. PID control is in industrial process control is the most widely used method, because this control strategy not only has a simple control structure, and in many process control application can get satisfactory control effect. This paper main research work and work included the following respects : 1. The PID controller in the review the history and present situation of development, introduces emphatically based on PID control performance evaluation methods, including deterministic method and randomicity method. 2. This paper studies the minimum variance criteria principle and single loop feedback control system performance evaluation, feedforwar