第12章 运算符类型与运算符重载.pptVIP

对程序清单9.9所示的MyString类进行改进，添加了复制赋值运算符。 #include iostream using namespace std; class MyString { private: char* Buffer; public: // constructor MyString(const char* InitialInput) { if(InitialInput != NULL) { Buffer = new char [strlen(InitialInput) + 1]; strcpy(Buffer, InitialInput); } else Buffer = NULL; } // Copy constructor MyString(const MyString CopySource) { cout Copy constructor: copying from MyString endl; if(CopySource.Buffer != NULL) { // ensure deep copy by first allocating own buffer Buffer = new char [strlen(CopySource.Buffer) + 1]; // copy from the source into local buffer strcpy(Buffer, CopySource.Buffer); } else Buffer = NULL; } // Copy assignment operator MyString operator= (const MyString CopySource) { if ((this != CopySource) (CopySource.Buffer != NULL)) { if (Buffer != NULL) delete[] Buffer; // ensure deep copy by first allocating own buffer Buffer = new char [strlen(CopySource.Buffer) + 1]; // copy from the source into local buffer strcpy(Buffer, CopySource.Buffer); } return *this; } // Destructor ~MyString() { if (Buffer != NULL) delete [] Buffer; } int GetLength() { return strlen(Buffer); } operator const char*() { return Buffer; } }; int main() { MyString String1(Hello ); MyString String2( World); cout Before assignment: endl; cout String1 String2 endl; String2 = String1; cout After assignment String2 = String1: endl; cout String1 String2 endl; return 0; } 注意：相比较于程序清单9.9，程序清单12.9的另一个细微差别在于，使用返回const char*的转换运算符替代了函数GetString(),如第53—56行 所示。该运算符让MyString类使用起来更容易，如第68行所示-------使用一条cout语句显示了两个MyString实例的内容。 如果你编写的类管理着动态分配的资源（如c风格字符串char*）、动态数组等，除构造函数和析构函数外，请务必实现复制构造函数和复制赋值运算符。 如果没有考虑对象被复制时出现的资源所有权问题，你的类就是不完整的，使用时甚至会有危险