[高一英语]虚拟语气综合讲解高一用.docVIP

虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话只是一种主观的愿望、假设或建议等。 一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法 1.非真实条件句中谓语动词的形式 与现在事实相反：条件从句 结果从句 if (we,you,he,they)+动词过去式 (we) should/you would/they would+动词原形 与过去事实相反：if I +had+过去分词(we) should/you would/they would+have+过分与将来事实可能： if I +动词过去式/were to(we) should/you would/they would+动原例句： 1与现实事实相反：I am sorry I am very busy now.If I had time,I would certainly come to see you. 很抱歉，我很忙。如果有时间，我一定去看你了。 2与过去事实相反：If I had not been for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work so easily. 如果当时听了你的话，我就不会犯那样的错误了。 3与将来事实相反：If it rained(were to rain /should rain)tomorrow,I should stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。 二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 1、在以it为形式主语的复合句中，虚拟语气在主语从句中表示建议、要求、命令等，谓语动词用should be 型或be型虚拟式，在美国英语中常用be型虚拟式。 如：Its natural that she should do so.她这么做是很自然的事。 2、主句的谓语为某些动词的被动语态，常用在it is (was)desired (suggested,settled,proposed,recommended,requested ,decided,etc)that...句型中 如：It is suggested that the question should be discussed at the next meeting. 三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do 注意： 如suggest, insist不表示建议 或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules. 四、虚拟语气在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. II 虚拟语气的特殊表现形式 一、表示“好像”：除了if条件从句外，由as if和as though等引导的状语从句表示方式时，意思是“好像”,这时从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟语气。其动词形式用过去时(be用were的形式)表示所说的与现在的事实相反；用过去完成时表示所说的与过去的事实相反 二、特殊连词的需要：lest, for fear that和in case引起的从句(这时谓语多用should＋加动词原形)He’s working hard for fear that he should fail in the exam. (他加紧学习唯恐考试不及格。)三、介词短语表示虚拟： 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是通过一个介词短语来表示，或通过上下文或其他方式表示出来。如 but for, but that…, in case of, otherwise, supposing, under more favourable condition, without 等表示让步假设 He worked very hard; otherwise he might have failed. (他刻苦工作，不然他就失败了。) 2) But for his help，I . 〔A〕 should not have succeeded3) The complex society of a modern 〔C〕 the art of writing 4) But that