原创力文档drawing graphs with mathematical programming and variable neighborhood search：（绘制图形和数学规划和可变邻域搜索）.pdfVIP
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drawing graphs with mathematical programming and variable neighborhood search：（绘制图形和数学规划和可变邻域搜索）
Available online at
Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics 58 (2017) 207–214 /locate/endm
Drawing graphs with mathematical
programming and variable neighborhood
search
C´ezar Augusto N. e Silva 1 Haroldo Gambini Santos 2
Departamento de Computa¸c˜ao - Instituto de Ciˆencias Exatas e Biol´ogicas -
Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - Campus Universit´ario Morro do Cruzeiro-
35400-000 Ouro Preto, MG - Brasil
Abstract
In the Graph Drawing problem a set of symbols must be placed in a plane and
their connections routed. To produce clear, easy to read diagrams, this problem is
usually solved trying to minimize edges crossing and the area occupied, resulting
in a NP-Hard problem. Our research focuses in drawing Entity Relationship (ER)
diagrams, a challenging version of the problem where nodes have different sizes.
Mathematical Programming models for the two solution phases, node placement
and connection routing, are discussed and their exact resolution by an Integer Pro-
gramming (IP) solver is evaluated. As the first phase proved to be specially hard
to be solved exactly, a hybrid Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) heuristic is
proposed. Using IP techniques we obtained provably optimal (or close to optimal)
solutions for the two different phases, at the expense of a large computational effort.
We also show that our VNS based heuristic approach can produce close to optimal
solutions in very short times for the hardest part of the solution process. Using
either methods we have produced clearly better drawings than existing solutions.
Keywords: Grid graph drawing, mixed integer programming, variable
neighborhood search.
/10.1016/j.endm.2017.03.027
1571-0653/© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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