被动语态答案.docVIP

讲解篇 英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。 eg. We use a knife for cutting (主动句). A knife is used for cutting (被动句)。 一、构成：be + 过去分词 eg. 1)The work is finished by him. 2)Chinese is spoken by people in China. 二、不同时态的被动语态： 1.一般现在时：am/ is/ are + 过去分词 eg. English is spoken by Englishmen. 2.一般过去时：was/ were + 过去分词 eg. The machines were made in China. 3.一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+过去分词eg. A sports meeting will be held in our school. 4.现在完成时：have/ has been + 过去分词 eg. The work has been done by them. 5.现在进行时：am/ is/ are being + 过去分词 eg. A new school is being built in our village. 6.过去进行时：was/ were being + 过去分词 eg. My TV set was being mended at that time. 7.过去完成时：had been + 过去分词 eg.They had been cared for before they left. 综上所述：被动语态的时态只涉及be动词的变化（即：be动词的各种时态） 另外注意以下几点： 1.含情态动词的被动语态： can / may / must / should + be + 过去分词 eg. He may be sent away from school. 2.带动词不定式的被动语态: to be +过去分词 eg. My bike needs to be mended. 3.在使用被动语态时，如需要指出动作执行者时，应用“by + 动作的执行者(宾格)” eg. He was called Mike by us 4.不及物动词无被动语态have,hold(容纳),fit,become,cost,last,mean, take place/ happen ; last ; rise ; sink ; fall等。 eg. (1)The accident was happened two days ago (改错) ________________________________ (2)Great changes ________________(发生 )in China over the past years. (3)The bread _____________ in this shop and it _______________ well(卖). 5. 一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾语补足语，改成被动语态时，to必须还原。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch…) eg.(1)The boss made the workers work 12 hours. →The workers were made ___________12 hours. eg.(2)The students was made ______ the questions by the teacher. A. answer B. to answer C. answering D. answered eg.(3)Yesterday he _________________(被看到募集)money for the charities. eg.(4)An educational CD-ROM ________________ (给我买)by Lily last week. eg.(5)Lily __________________(被听到唱歌) in the room at that moment. 6.注意短语动词的完整性（即：主动句的谓语动词若由v + prep / adv构成，变被动语态时，不能将这些介词、副词遗漏。 eg. We must take care of the baby. →The