27语法填空介词1.docVIP

高中英语语法知识词法部分讲解---------介词及练习 一.概念: 介词(preposition)又叫做前置词，一般置于名词之前。它是一种虚词，一般不重读, 在句中不单独作任何句子成分， 只表示其后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系。 介词后面的名词或相当于名词的词语叫做介词宾语。可作介词宾语的词语通常有： 1) 名词或名词性从句: eg. ①He lives near our school. ② This will give me some idea of what life is. 2) 代词: eg. ① I am angry with him. ② She isn’t satisfied with me. 3)动名词或动名词短语: eg. I have an idea fro solving this problem. 4)不定式（只限于介词but和except）： eg.①I can do nothing for them but just sit her there and hope. ②I can do nothing for them except to send them money. 5)数词： eg. Four from seven leaves three. 注意：英语介词往往相当于汉语的动词。 eg.① The policeman helped the old woman across the street. 警察帮助老大娘过马路。(“过”=across) ②Are you for it or against it? 你赞成还是反对？ (“赞成”= for; “反对”= against) 二、介词的种类： A.介词按其构成分为 1) 简单介词(simple preposition)： eg.at; in; of since, before, after等。 2) 复合介词(compound preposition): eg.as for; as to; into; out of 等。 3) 二重介词(double preposition) eg.from under; from behind; until after; except in等。 4) 短语介词(phrasal preposition) eg.according to; because of; in spite of; on behalf of等。 5) 分词介词( participle preposition) eg.regarding; concerning; including; providing等。 B. 介词按其词义分为 1)地点介词： eg.across; among; around; above; after; along; at; before; behind; below 2)时间介词: eg.about; after; sround; as at; before; behind; between; by; during; for, from.. 3)比较介词: eg.as; like; over; above等。 4)除外介词: eg.besides; but; except等。 5)反对介词: eg.against; with等。 6)原因介词: eg. for; with; from等。 7)结果介词: eg.for; with; without等。 8)方式介词: eg.by; in; with等。 9)所属介词: eg.of; with等。 10)条件介词: eg. on; without; considering等。 11)让步介词: eg.in spite of; despite等。 12)目的介词: eg.for; to等。 13)根据