晚明黄河水患与潘季驯之治河.pdf

作者簡介 蔡泰彬，臺灣臺東縣㆟，民國㆕㈩㆔年生。 ㆗國文化大㈻史㈻研究所博士。 曾任靜宜、海洋等大㈻副教授，現任國立彰化師範大㈻歷史㈻研究所教授。 著㈲《明㈹夏原吉研究》、《明㈹漕河之整治與管理》等書，及發表〈明㈹江南㆞區㈬利事 業之研究〉、〈明㈹漕河之守護神――㈮龍㆕大王〉、〈明㈹練湖之功能與鎮江運河之航運〉、〈㆗ 國傳統詩文之黃河觀〉、〈論黃河之河清現象〉、〈明㈹貢鮮船的管理與運輸〉、〈論證明㈹御製黃 河萬里圖應繪製於清康熙時期〉、〈元明時期海運的海險與膠萊運河的開鑿〉、〈明清泰山與太和 山的香稅徵收、管理與運用〉等論文。 提 要 明㈹是國史㆖黃河㈬患最為嚴重時期，不僅沖阻漕河，並危害祖陵和沿岸各州縣之民命。 為整治黃河，於晚明潘季馴力倡「束㈬攻沙」之治河方策，其能洞悉治河即在治沙。 全文計㈥章，旨在探討晚明黃河㈬患發生原因、沿河州縣重罹㈬患、祖陵遭淮㈬逆浸之 實況、淮南㆞區整建之㈬利工程、暨潘季馴治河方策之內容與實行等問題。 潘季馴之治河觀，雖能突破傳統治理黃河採行「分流」之舊鑿，但因水文知識認知不足， 未能整治黃河上游地區，以降低河水中之含沙量，而專恃雙重堤防之構築，是無法清除清口、 海口、河道諸淤沙，以致黃河仍為拔地「懸河」，河水嚴重威脅及沿河各州縣。但其四度治河， 鞠躬盡瘁於黃、淮、運三河，創行「合流」之治河觀，論其事功，業已不朽。 目 次 目 次 第一章 緒 論···························································· 1 第一節 研究動機與內容··········································· 1 一、撰述動機······················································ 1 二、研究內容······················································ 2 第二節 臨河州縣罹河患··········································· 9 一、城池遷徙···················································· 12 二、人口遷移···················································· 19 三、田土漂蕩···················································· 23 第二章 晚明黃河泛濫原因······································· 31 第一節 河床淤高成懸河········································· 32 一、河床淤高現象············································· 32 二、河床淤高原因············································· 35 第二節 清口淤成門限沙········································· 42 一、清口淤塞現象············································· 42 二、清