学习中西方不同的英文文化ppt.ppt

LEARNING IN CHINA AND THE WEST HOWARD GARDNER Questions and Answers (Part I) Questions and Answers (Part II) Questions and Answers (Part II) Education in the West (1): Much of the current debate over education surrounds the extent to which learning should be teacher-based or student-based. Which of the two should decide what should be learned, how it should be learned, and when it should be learned? Comparing Western and Asian methods of learning it is generally true that western methods are more student-centered, expecting students to discover things for themselves rather than relying on their teachers to tell them. Education in the West (2): An extreme version of the student-centered approach can be seen at Summerhill, a school in England established by the educationist A.S. Neil. There children have complete freedom to decide what they are going to learn and which lessons they will attend. If they wish they need not attend any at all. Education in the West (3): Mainstream education in England is far more strict, demanding that children should attend lessons and follow a national curriculum. The curriculum and the importance of achieving good exam results tend to reinforce a more teacher-centered approach, as both teachers and students find the pressure of time leaves less opportunity for an exploratory approach to learning. * 2. Sum up the between the attitude of the couple and that of the hotel staff toward Benjamin’s efforts in inserting the key into the slot. The couple: let him explore and enjoy himself. The hotel staff: held his hand and taught him how to insert the key correctly. contrast 2. Sum up the contrast between Chinese and Western ways to learn to fulfill a task. The Chinese: show a child how to do something, or teach by holding his hand. (para 9) The Westerners: teach a child to rely on himself for solutions to problems. (para 7) 4. Sum up the contrast between Chinese and Wester