高考动词语态总结与练习.doc

动词语态 构成：动词的被动语态由be+过去分词构成，其时态由be的不同时态来表示。 Eg1.A few natural elements exist in such small quantities that they ______ in their natural environments. A. rarely see B. have rarely seen C. rarely being seen D. are rarely seen Eg2. I got caught in the rain and my suit ______. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined Eg 3. Dr Kirimitsu and his colleagues studied the medical records up to 2004, by which time some of the problems _______. had solved B. had been solved C. has solved D. have been solved 一．动词语态转换 第一类：直接转换 keep sb./sth. clean → be kept clean make sth. possible → be made possible 补足语往往是形容词或者不定式 第二类：使用it句型 It is agreed/ argued/ assumed/ believed/ considered/ decided/ estimated/ hoped/ recognized/ recommended/ reported/ required/ said/ suggested/ supposed/ thought/ well-known that… 常用于主语从句中 第三类：结构转换 be said/ considered/ supposed/ believed to do sth 非谓语结构从动词语态方面考察 Eg1: An animal, which is moved from the tropics to a cold climate, will die if it ______. A. does not keep warm B. is not kept warm C. does not keep warmth D. is not kept warmly Eg2. At one time, computers ______ to remove the need for paper copies of documents because they could be stored electronically. A. expected B. were expecting C. are expecting D. were expected Eg3. - At what time will the lecture begin? - ______ at 10 am. A. It is scheduled to begin B. It schedules to begin C. It schedules to be begun D. It has scheduled to begin Eg4. He ______ to earn ten thousand yuan a month, but I doubt whether he can earn so much. A. says B. has said C. is said D. is saying 二．解题要点： 1.分析题干空格所在句中主语与谓语动词的语义关系，判断谓语动词使用主动语态还是被动语态：主语是动作的执行者——主动语态；主语是动作的承受者——被动语态。 2. 根据题干语境确定被选动词的时态。 3. 掌握动词被动语态的动词形式。 4. 观察干扰项，主要是：语态干扰，以时态干扰，以非谓语形式干扰，以动词被动结构形式干扰。 三．使用误区： 表示心理状态的动词，如amuse, astonish, satisfy, fascinate, interest等 Eg1. Neither of the twin brothers who had applied for a scholarship of 500 dollars ______. A. will be satisfied B. satisfied C. has sat