流体力学-Bernoulli.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * unsteady effects For unsteady flow V = V ( s , t ) To account for unsteady effects Along a streamline + Incompressible condition * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3.5 Static,Stagnation,Dynamic and Total Pressure_1 Each term in the Bernoulli equation can be interpreted as a form of pressure. p is the actual thermodynamic pressure of the fluid as it flows. To measure this pressure, one must move along with the fluid, thus being “static” relative to the moving fluid. Hence, it is termed the static pressure … seen by the fluid particle as it moves. Each term can be interpreted as a form of pressure * * Static,Stagnation,Dynamic and Total Pressure_2 The static pressure is measured in a flowing fluid using a wall pressure “tap”, or a static pressure probe. The static pressure ?z is termed the hydrostatic pressure. It is not actually a pressure but does represent the change in pressure possible due to potential energy variations of the fluid as a result of elevation changes. * * Static,Stagnation,Dynamic and Total Pressure_3 ?V2/2 is termed the dynamic pressure. It can be interpreted as the pressure at the end of a small tube inserted into the flow and pointing upstream. After the initial transient motion has died out, the liquid will fill the tube to a height of H. The fluid in the tube, including that at its tip (2), will be stationary. That is, V2=0, or point (2) is a stagnation point. Stagnation pressure Static pressure Dynamic pressure * * Static,Stagnation,Dynamic and Total Pressure_4 There is a stagnation point on any stationary body that is placed into a flowing fluid. Some of the fluid flows “over” and some “under” the object. The dividing line is termed the stagnation streamline and terminates at the stagnation point on the body. Negl