状语从句(上).docVIP

邪说英语连载十：状语从句（上）诸君，上回说到了从句，其特点即其名字“从”与“句”两个字。吃柿子拣软的，先拿最简单的“状语从句”开刀。从句的从属地位，表现为结构完整的句子只相当于一个词的地位，根据其所相当的词性，分别为形容词从句，副词从句和名词从句。形容词从句可作也只作定语，故等于定语从句；副词从句可作也只作状语，故为状语从句，而名词从句可作不同的成分，因而还只能叫名词从句，依其所作成分不同分别为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 副词从句作状语，往往修饰的是谓语动词或者整个句子，因此不像定语从句或名词从句一样与某一个部分纠结在一起。它往往与主句相对，与主句界限分明。位于句首时，状语从句还常以逗号与主句分开。I’ve brought my umbrella in case it rains.I’ve brought my umbrella because it is raining.I’ve brought my umbrella so that I don’t get wet.I’ve brought my umbrella even though it’s not raining.You don’t need an umbrella unless it is raining. 副词从句的从属连词标志从句的存在；表示从句与主句之间的逻辑关系；从属连词不是从句的组成成分，后跟一个结构完整的句子。所以对于副词从句，关键是要找到从属连词，判断其表示与主句属于何种关系。 ? 从属连词归纳 副词从句与从句的关系多种多样，表示这种关系的从属连词也随之多种多样。归纳如下： 副词从句种类?常用连接词?特殊连接词 时间状语从句?when, while, as, before,After, since, till, until, as soon as?一些时间名词：the moment, the instant, the day, the minute, next time, every time;一些副词：instantly, immediately, directly;固定搭配的连词：no sooner…than, hardly…when, scarcely…when.地点状语从句?Where?wherever, anywhere, everywhere原因状语从句?because, as, for, since?seeing that, considering that, now that, given that, in that, inasmuch as, insomuch as目的状语从句?so that, on order that, that?lest, for fear that, in case;In the hope that, on purpose that, for the purpose that, to the end that结果状语从句?so…that, so that, such…that?such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, to such an extent that条件状语从句?if, unless?suppose, supposing, providing, provided(supposed, provide非从句连词)sn condition that, so long as, as long as让步状语从句?although, though, even though, even if?while(一般用于句首)，as(用于倒装结构)Wh-ever: whatever, whoever, whichever, however, whenever, wherever, whether…or…as +? adj.? +主谓结构用于句首比较状语从句?as, than?其他比较句型：the more…the more; just as…, so…; A is to B what/as C is to D; no more… than; not A so much as B/not so much A as B方式状语从句?as, the way? 时间状语从句 表示将来时间时，从句用一般现在时I’ll speak to him when he arrives. (when he will arrive*)When I fall in love, it’ll be forever, or I’ll never fall in love.