醇解法制备聚乙烯醇.docVIP

醇解法制备聚乙烯醇 目录 第一章 产品简介········································································· 6 1.1 产品的性质····································································· 6 1.2 产品的应用····································································· 7 第二章 原料规格及性质······························································ 9 2.1 原料规格········································································· 8 2.2 原料性质········································································· 9 第三章 合成原理及工艺路线····················································· 10 第四章 流程图············································································ 12 4.1 生产设备········································································ 12 4.2 工艺流程········································································ 12 第五章 操作步骤及工艺参数····················································· 13 5.1 操作步骤········································································ 15 第六章 产品规格及标准····························································· 17 第七章 消耗定额及成本核算······················································ 18 7.1 工程投资········································································ 18 7.2 生产投资········································································ 18 7.3 年利润核算···································································· 18 第八章 参考文献········································································ 19 附图说明····················································································· 20 第一章 产品简介 1.1 产品的性质 聚乙烯醇是以乙烯法生产的醋酸乙烯为原料，经溶液聚合、无水低碱醇解得。聚乙烯醇（PVA）其充填密度约0.20～0.48g／cm3，折射率为1.51～1.53。聚乙烯醇的熔点难于直接测定，因为它在空气中的分解温度低于熔融温度。用间接法测得其熔点在230℃左右。聚乙烯醇的玻璃化温度约80℃。玻璃化温度除与测定条件有关外，也与其结构有关。聚乙烯醇工艺具有物耗低、能耗低、污染小的特点，是一种环保型产品，聚乙烯醇主要有完主 醇解型和部分醇解型两大类。聚乙烯醇的端基较复杂，除了羟基外，还有羧基、羰基和二甲基乙氰基等。这些 基团表现了复杂的行为。它们除了影响到维尼维纤维的着色、染色性能、吸湿性能，并促使聚乙烯醇溶解部分的增加。根据羟基空间分布的位置，可分为全同结构聚乙烯醇（I-PVA）、间位结构聚乙烯醇(S-PVA)和无规结构聚乙烯醇（A-PVA）。 聚乙烯醇的一般性质：1) 外观：白色或微黄色片状、颗粒状固体。 2) 填充比重：0.4～0.5g/ml