(精选)Antimicrobial Drugs二教学课件.pptVIP

Antimicrobial Drugs;Antimicrobial Drugs;The dawn of antibiotics;Alexander Fleming;Chain and Florey;Antibiotics;;Microbes that produce antibiotics;Targets of antimicrobial drugs;Some drugs target protein synthesis;How does penicillin work?;Penicillin weakens the cell wall;Penicillin Penicilinase-resistant penicillins Extended-spectrum penicillins Penicillins + ?-lactamase inhibitors Carbapenems Monobactam;Penicillins;How organisms degrade penicillins;Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis; Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis;Antibiotics for Mycobacterium;Chloramphenicol Broad spectrum Binds 50S subunit, inhibits peptide bond formation Aminoglycosides Streptomycin, neomycin, gentamycin Broad spectrum Changes shape of 30S subunit;Tetracyclines Broad spectrum Interferes with tRNA attachment Macrolides Gram-positives Binds 50S, prevents translocation Erythromycin Gram-positives Binds 50S, prevents translocation;Streptogramins Gram-positives Binds 50S subunit, inhibits translation Synercid Gram-positives Binds 50S subunit, inhibits translation Oxazolidinones Linezolid Gram-positives Binds 50S subunit, prevents formation of 70S ribosome;Polymyxin B Topical Combined with bacitracin and neomycin in over-the-counter preparation;Rifamycin Inhibits RNA synthesis Antituberculosis Quinolones and fluoroquinolones Ciprofloxacin Inhibits DNA gyrase Urinary tract infections;Sulfonamides (sulfa drugs);Sulfonamides (Sulfa drugs) Inhibit folic acid synthesis Broad spectrum;TMP-SMZ;Tests for microbial sensitivity;Tests for microbial sensitivity;Kirby-Bauer tests for sensitivity;E-test for MIC;MIC testing;Synergism occurs when the effect of two drugs together is greater than the effect of either alone. Antagonism occurs when the effect of two drugs together is less than the effect of either alone.;Effects of Combinations of Drugs;Development of antibiotic resistant bacteria;Drug resistance;Examples of resistant bacteria