(精选)CIRCULATORY DISTURBANCES教学课件.pptVIP

CIRCULATORY DISTURBANCES By Dr. Ajayi O.L Department of Vet. Pathology University of Agriculture Abeokuta;Circulatory System - Consists of blood, pump (?), distribution (arteries) collection (veins) and system for exchange between blood and extravascular tissue. Lymphatics also contribute by draining fluid from the extravascular space. Microcirculation- composed of arterioles, metarterioles, capillaries, and postcapillary venules, so called because are only visible with the microscope. Capillary bed Enormous volume Site where fluid exudes from circulating blood Endothelial Cells Synthesize and Secrete Glycoproteins -The normal FUNCTION of these glycoproteins is to inhibit clot formation and to protect endothelium. -When INJURY occurs to the endothelium synthesis and release of these glycoproteins is impaired which results in problems with hemostasis and fluid transport. -Endothelial cells are important in fluid distribution, nflammation, immunity, angiogenesis and hemostasis. ;Precapillary arterioles: Contain small, innervated myocyte sheaths. Contract to control blood flow (regulation of blood flow). Postcapillary Venules: Sites of fluid exudation. Area particularly susceptible to some toxins. Capillaries: Sites of fluid exudation.;Regional Differences in Capillary Lining;;Fluid Distribution Homeostasis ;;HYPEREMIA;CONGESTION ;Congestion contd.;Congestion contd;Congestion contd;HAEMORRHAGE (BLEEDING);Heamorrhage contd;Haemorrhage contd.;Haemorrhage contd.;Haemorrhage contd.;Haemorrhage contd.;EDEMA ;;;;;Non inflammatory contd.;;;;;;;;;;;;REVIEW OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF EDEMA ;DEHYDRATION ;Functions of normal hemostasis Maintain blood in fluid (clot-free) state in normal vessels Induce rapid, localized hemostatic plug at site of vascular injury Thrombosis – inappropriate activation of hemostasis Regulated by vascular wall, platelets, coagulation cascade;;THE COAGULATION CASCADE ;;;THROMBOSIS;;;;;;Disseminated In