(精选)Antibiotics_ Making the right choice教学课件.pptVIP

(精选)Antibiotics_ Making the right choice教学课件.ppt

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演示文稿演讲PPT学习教学课件医学文件教学培训课件

Antibiotics: Making the right choice Dr. Christian T. Felter Senior Medical Adviser Wyeth UK Improved Patient Outcomes Associated with Proper Hand Hygiene Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis (1818-1865) Chlorinated Lime Hand Antisepsis Adapted from CDC. Prevent Antimicrobial Resistance: A Campaign for Clinicians. April 2002. The Importance of Initial Empiric Antibiotic Selection Alvarez-Lerma F. Intensive Care Med. 1996;22:387-394. Rello J, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156:196-200. Luna CM, et al. Chest. 1997;111:676-685. Kollef MH, Ward S. Chest 1998;113:412-420. Sanchez-Nieto JM, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;157:371-376. Ruiz M, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;162:119-125. Dupont H, et al. Intensive Care Med. 2001;27:355-362. P=NS P=NS P=NS P=NS P0.001 P0.001 P=0.06 % Mortality Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-positive Cocci S. aureus Penicillin [1940s] Penicillin-resistant S. aureus Methicillin [1960s] Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) Vancomycin [1997] Vancomycin (glycopeptide) intermediate-resistant S. aureus Vancomycin- resistant S. aureus Ciprofloxacin 1987 [2002] Evolution and Control of Antibiotic Resistance Among GNR in NY Hospital ICU Rahal JJ, et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:499-503. Ongoing Contact isolation, local polymyxin Reduction of ceftazidime resistance 44% hospital wide 87% in ICUs Class restriction of cephalosporins and cephamycins Contact isolation, patient cohorting, local polymyxin B Elimination of imipenem resistance 1999 Ceftazidime-imipenem-resistant A. baumannii (chromosomal) 1991-1992 Imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (chromosomal) 1996 Ceftazidime-cephamycin-imipenem- resistant K. pneumoniae (chromosomal and plasmid mediated) 1995 Ceftazidime use Imipenem use Ceftazidime-resistant A. baumannii (chromosomal) 1988 Multidrug-resistant, ceftazidime-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii (chromosomal) Ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (plasmid med

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