工程力学英文版课件11ShearForcesandBendingMomentsinBeams.pptVIP

1 Important Points The slope of the shear diagram is equal to the intensity of the distributed loading, where positive distributed loading is upward. If a concentrated force acts downward on the beam, the shear diagram will jump downward by the amount of the force. The slope of the moment diagram is equal to the shear. If a clockwise couple moment acts on the beam, the shear will not be affected, however, the moment diagram will jump upward by the amount of the moment. Points of zero shear represent points of maximum or minimum moment since d M/d x =0. On moment diagrams, the change in moment between any two points along a beam is equal to the area under the shear diagram between those same two points. External Force No external force Uniform distributed load q=0 q0 q0 Shear Force B. Moment Horizontal Line x Q Q0 Q Q0 x Slope Increasing x Q x Q Decreasing Slope Increasing x M x M Decreasing Curve x M peak x M valley Concentrated Force Couple Moment P m Q x Q1 Q2 Q1–Q2=P Sudden change No change Angle Sudden change Opposite to the direction of P P x Q1 Q2 Q2–Q1=P m jump downward, Changing amount is m External Force Shear Force B. Moment jump upward, Changing amount is m [Example] Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown in figure using relations among loads, shear forces, and bending moments. 3qa 2a A B 2a 6a 6qa2 C q D 3qa 2a A B 2a 6a 6qa2 C q D 3qa 6qa Q x 3qa -qa -4qa -6qa M x 6qa2 10.5qa2 10qa2 * * §13–1 Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams §13–2 Shear-Force and Bending-Moment Diagrams §13–3 Relations among Loads, Shear Forces, and Bending Moments Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams §13-1 Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams Introduction Beam is a member acted on by loads that produce bending. The plane of symmetry M P1 P2 q Beams are structural member which are designed to support loadings applied perpendicular to their axes. In general, beams are long, straight bars having