AngelCG09图形学.pptVIP

Angel: Interactive Computer Graphics 4E ? Addison-Wesley 2005 Better Interactive Programs Shandong University Software College Instructor: Xu Yanning E-mail: xyn@sdu.edu.cn Objectives Learn to build more sophisticated interactive programs using Picking Select objects from the display Three methods Rubberbanding Interactive drawing of lines and rectangles Display Lists Retained mode graphics Picking Identify a user-defined object on the display In principle, it should be simple because the mouse gives the position and we should be able to determine to which object(s) a position corresponds Practical difficulties Pipeline architecture is feed forward, hard to go from screen back to world Complicated by screen being 2D, world is 3D How close do we have to come to object to say we selected it? Three Approaches Hit list Most general approach but most difficult to implement Use back or some other buffer to store object ids as the objects are rendered Rectangular maps Easy to implement for many applications See paint program in text Rendering Modes –Method1 OpenGL can render in one of three modes selected by glRenderMode(mode) GL_RENDER: normal rendering to the frame buffer (default) GL_FEEDBACK: provides list of primitives rendered but no output to the frame buffer GL_SELECTION: Each primitive in the view volume generates a hit record that is placed in a name stack which can be examined later Selection Mode Functions glSelectBuffer(): specifies name buffer glInitNames(): initializes name buffer glPushName(id): push id on name buffer glPopName(): pop top of name buffer glLoadName(id): replace top name on buffer id is set by application program to identify objects Using Selection Mode Initialize name buffer Enter selection mode (using mouse) Render scene with user-defined identifiers Reenter normal render mode This operation returns number of hits Examine contents of name buffer (hit records) Hit records include id and depth information Selection Mode and Picking As w