[信息与通信]车载资通讯嵌入式系统.ppt

Outline Embedded Systems Overview Design Challenge – Optimizing Design Metrics Technologies Processor technologies IC technologies Design technologies Tradeoffs Summary Embedded Systems Overview Computing systems are everywhere Most of us think of “desktop” computers PC’s Laptops Workstations Mainframes Servers But there’s another type of computing system Far more common... Embedded Systems Overview (Cont.) Embedded computing systems Computing systems embedded within electronic devices Hard to define. Nearly any computing system other than a desktop computer Billions of units produced yearly, versus millions of desktop units Perhaps 50 per household and per automobile A “short list” of embedded systems And the list goes on and on Some Common Characteristics of Embedded Systems Single-functioned Executes a single program, repeatedly Tightly-constrained Low cost, low power, small size, fast, etc. Reactive and real-time Continually reacts to changes in the system’s environment Must compute certain results in real-time without delay An Embedded System Example –  Digital Camera Design Challenge – Optimizing Design Metrics Obvious design goal: Construct an implementation with desired functionality Key design challenge: Simultaneously optimize numerous design metrics Design metric A measurable feature of a system’s implementation Design Challenge – Optimizing Design Metrics (Cont.) Common metrics NRE cost (Non-Recurring Engineering cost): The one-time monetary cost of designing the system Unit cost: the monetary cost of manufacturing each copy of the system, excluding NRE cost Size: the physical space required by the system e.g. bytes for software, gates or transistors for hardware Performance: the execution time or throughput of the system Power: the amount of power consumed by the system Flexibility: the ability to change the functionality of the system without incurring heavy NRE cost Design Challenge – Optimizing Design Metrics (Cont.) Common metrics (continued) T