美国现代时期.doc

　1） The Imagist Movement and the artistic characteristics of imagist poems： 　　Led by the American poet Ezra Pound， Imagist Movement is a poetic movement that flourished in the U.S. and England between 1909-1917. It advances modernism in arts which concentrates on reforming the medium of poetry as opposed to Romanticism， especially Tennysons worldliness and high-flown language in poetry. Pound endorsed three main principles as guidelines for Imagism， including direct treatment of poetic subjects， elimination of merely ornamental or superfluous words， and rhythmical composition should be composed with the phrasing of music， not a metronome. The primary Imagist objective is to avoid rhetoric and moralizing， to stick closely to the object or experience being described， and to move from explicit generalization. The leading poets are Ezra Pound， Wallace Stevens， D.H.Lawrence， etc. 　　The characteristic products of the movement are more easily recognized than its theories defined； they tend to be short， composed of short lines of musical cadence rather than metrical regularity， to avoid abstraction， and to treat the image with a hard， clear precision rather than with overt symbolic intent. The influence of Japanese forms， tanka and haiku， is obvious in many. Most of the imagist poets wrote in free verse and they like to emply common speech. They stressed the freedom in the choice of subject matter and form. 2） The Lost Generation 　　It refers to， in general， the post-World Wargeneration， but specifically a group of expatriate disillusioned intellectuals and artists， who experimented on new modes of thought and expression by rebelling against former ideals and values and replacing them only by despair or a cynical hedonism. The remark of Gertrude Stein， You are all a lost generation， addressed to Hemingway， was used as an epigraph to the latters novel The Sun Also Rises， which brilliantly describes those expatriates who had cut themselves off from their past in America in ord