Bequette Ch 1 Process Control - Modeling, Design and Simulation精选.pdfVIP

C H A P T E R 1 Introduction The goal of this chapter is to provide a motiva- tion for, and an introduction to, process control and instrumentation. After studying this chapter, the reader, given a process, should be able to do the following: • Determine possible control objectives, input variables (manipulated and distur- bance) and output variables (measured and unmeasured), and constraints (hard or soft), as well as classify the process as continuous, batch, or semicontinuous • Assess the importance of process control from safety, environmental, and eco- nomic points of view • Sketch a process instrumentation and control diagram • Draw a simplified control block diagram • Understand the basic idea of feedback control • Understand basic sensors (measurement devices) and actuators (manipulated inputs) • Begin to develop intuition about characteristic timescales of dynamic behavior The major sections of this chapter are as follows: 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Instrumentation 1.3 Process Models and Dynamic Behavior 1.4 Control Textbooks and Journals 1.5 A Look Ahead 1.6 Summary 1 2 Chapter 1 • Introduction 1.1 Introduction Process engineers are often responsible for the operation of chemical processes. As these processes become larger scale and/or more complex, the role of process automation becomes more and more important. The objective of this textbook is to teach process engi- neers how to design and tune feedback controllers for the automated operation of chemi- cal processes. A conceptual process block diagram for a chemical process is shown in Figure 1–1.