解析慢阻肺患者持续性呼吸困难-王璞培训课件.ppt

ECLIPSE研究显示，FEV1与mMRC、SGRQ、6分钟步行距离和急性加重次数的相关性均较差。 ECLIPSE研究，即Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints，为一项大规模对照观察研究，旨在明确慢阻肺表型、以及有助于预测疾病进展的生物学和/或基因学参数。 研究共纳入了12个国家46个中心2164例稳定期慢阻肺患者，进行临床、营养学、肺功能、运动耐力以及肺气肿等相关指标的测定。 结果如图所示，虽然气流受限程度（FEV1）与呼吸困难、健康状况、6分钟步行距离和急性加重次数有相关性，但它们的气流受限程度有相当大部分重叠，换而言之，气流受限的严重程度并不能很好地反映患者的症状和急性加重次数。提示，慢阻肺患者的FEV1的严重程度与其呼吸困难症状（mMRC评分）、健康状况（SGRQ-C评分）、运动耐力（6分钟步行试验）和急性加重次数之间的相关性差。 15. Agusti A, et al. Characterisation of COPD heterogeneity in the ECLIPSE cohort. Respir Res.?2010;11:122. 以上提示，FEV1不能替代呼吸困难、运动耐量或健康状况等评价指标。因为其他生理学异常(如肺过度充气) 以及心理学因素也会影响这些结果上述结果。 慢阻肺呼吸困难的发生机制是什么？哪些客观指标更能反映呼吸困难及其相关症状的改善情况？ 9. ZuWallack RL, et al. Am J Med. 2004;117(suppl 12A):49S–59S. * * In COPD, irreversible damage causes the alveolar walls and supports to lose elasticity compared with the normal condition. The airways are partly collapsed and occluded, an effect made worse by reversible cholinergic constriction.1 As a result, deflation is slower, and so the alveolus only partly deflates over the course of an exhalation. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NHLBI/WHO workshop report. 2001. /workshop/toc.html. Accessed: 14 November 2003. * COPD patients suffer from reduced expiratory flow. As a result, the lungs may not fully empty before the next breath begins. This is particularly likely if the patient has to breathe faster as a result of physical activity.1 Because the lungs do not fully empty, they become progressively over inflated with each breath. This process is known as air trapping, which leads to hyperinflation.1 Air trapping reduces the ability of the patient to breathe in, which causes the sensation of breathlessness that typifies the disease. ODonnell DE, Webb K. The etiology of dyspnea during exercise in COPD. Pulmonary and Critical Care Update 14, Lesson 15./downloads/education/online/Vol14_13_1