第六章翻译方法技巧.ppt

; By amplification we mean supplying necessary words in our translation work so as to make the version correct and clear, to make it more like the language translated into. Of course words thus supplied must indispensable either syntactically or semantically. In other words, a translator is not supposed to add any meaning to the original. There are two kinds: 1)Words for syntactic construction—to secure correctness, 2)Words supplied for semantic completion—to secure clearness. Both aim at making the version expressive and readily understood by the reader.;1、增加动词;2. 增加形容词或副词;4). She lingered long over his letter. ;玛丽的丈夫癌症去世后，就靠洗衣服维持生活。;4). That black jacket is indeed cheap and fine.;8). His arrogance made everyone dislike him.;4. 增加代词;He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. ;5). 一天天冷起来了。;5、增加语气词或量词 ;3). They (the eyes) were the same colour as the sea, cheerful and undefeated.;;从例7、8、9可见，英语中有些动词或动作名词，译成汉语时常需增加一些表示行为、动作的动量词。又如：have a rest 休息一下; make a stop停一下.; Opposite to the principle of amplification, omission is however not contradictory to it. On contrary, omission supplementary to amplification, omits what is considered necessary and indispensable in English may be deemed useless, superfluous and even encumbrance. This principal makes the version brief, concise and clear. For example, ;1. 省略代词 英语中通常每句都有主语。但根据汉语习惯，但前句出现一个主语且后句仍为同一主语时，后句主语一般省掉。如： 1).He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。 2). We live and learn. 活到老，学到老。;3). Everywhere you can find new types of men and objects in new Campus. 新校区处处可以看到新人、新事物。 4). If you give him an inch, he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。 5). I have received your letter and read it with delight. 我收到了你的信，愉快地读了。 6)有条件要上；没有条件，创造条件也要上。 When conditions exist, go ahead; when they don’t, create them and go ahead.; 解说：例4、5、6汉译时常把英语中作宾语的代词省掉。尤其是例4，省略了做主语的代词，宾语的代词，连句中的连词 “if” 也省??了，但思想内容却丝毫未变，可谓形神皆备。而下面的例子（7、8）却恰当地省略了物主代词。;2. 省略连词 我们在讨论增译法时，提到“汉语语言精炼，并列连词较少使用，其上下逻辑关系常常是暗含