《心血管系统解剖学8》.ppt

Angiology 脉管系统 山东大学医学院 解剖教研室 李振华 Composition Cardiovascular system心血管系统 Lymphatic system 淋巴系统 The cardiovascular system Organization Heart 心 A muscle pump to maintain the flow of blood, Consist of four chambers (right and left atria, right and left ventricles) Artery 动脉 a. carry blood away from the heart Veins 静脉 v. carry blood back to the heart Capillary 毛细血管microscopic vessels, the area of exchange between blood and tissue fluid Blood circulation Systemic circulation 体循环 left ventricle→aorta and its branches→capillaries of body→superior and inferior vena cava→right atrium Pulmonary circulation 肺循环right ventricle→pulmonary a.→capillaries of lung→pulmonary v.→right atrium Vascular anastomosis 血管吻合 Anastomosis between a. Anastomosis between v. Arteriolovenular anastomosis 动静脉吻合 Collateral vessels侧副管 Circulation侧支循环 The Arteries Characteristics Symmetry 对称 In the trunk of the body consist parietal and visceral branches 壁支和脏支 Shortest possible course Run on flexor surfaces Usually do not pass directly through muscles, avoiding compression Together with the veins and nerves in a sheath of fascia to form neurovascular bundle 血管神经束 Arteries of pulmonary circulation 肺循环的动脉 Pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干 Arises from right ventricle Runs up, back ,and to the left Bifurcates inferior to aortic arch into right and left pulmonary arteries, one for each lung Arteries of systemic circulation  体循环的动脉 Aorta 主动脉 Ascending aorta 升主动脉 Aortic arch 主动脉弓 Brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干 right common carotid a. 右颈总动脉 right subclavian a. 右锁骨下动脉 Left common carotid a. 左颈总动脉 Left subclavian a. 左锁骨下动脉 Descending aorta 降主动脉 Thoracic aorta 胸主动脉 Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉 Arteries of head and neck Common carotid a.颈总动脉 External carotid a. 颈外动脉 Internal carotid a. 颈内动脉 Subclavian a. 锁骨下动脉 Arteries of upper limb Axillary a. 腋动脉 Brachial a. 肱动脉 Radial a. 桡动脉 Ulnar a. 尺动脉 Superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓 deep palmar arc 掌深弓 Thoracic aor