2017-2018学年高中英语（浙江专用必修五）教师用书：Unit 1 Section+Ⅳ　Grammar++Writing+Word版含答案.docVIP

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing 过去分词作定语和表语 阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法1．With this extra evidence，John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. 2．From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. 3．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 4．He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 5．But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 6．This is one of the houses built last year. 7．We were given printed question papers. Ⅰ.过去分词作定语1．过去分词作定语时的位置(1)前置定语一般情况下单个过去分词作前置定语即放在所修饰词之前。心急锅不开。很多二手电脑将在这个市场出售。(2)后置定语过去分词短语往往作后置定语即放在所修饰词之后它的作用相The glass broken by the boy belongs to his teacher. ＝The glass which was broken by the boy belongs to his teacher.男孩弄碎的玻璃杯是他老师的。driver was sending the books bought in the bookstore to the school library. ＝The driver was sending the books which were bought in the bookstore to the school library.司机正把在书店买的书送往学校图书馆。2．过去分词作定语时的意义(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者且该动作已经完成。(＝the position that was recommended by his friend)finally.他终于得到了朋友推荐的职位。(＝the proposal which/that was put forward at the meeting)at last.他们最终接受了会上提出的建议。(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成不表示被动。(＝a moon that/which had risen)hanging in the sky.当他抬头向上看时他看见一轮升起的月亮正挂在天空中。3．现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别现在分词作定语表主动或进行；而过去分词作定语时表被动或完成。意义形式 语态 时态过去分词 被动 完成现在分词 主动 进行The car belonging to my uncle was stolen last week. 我叔叔的那辆车上周被盗了。016 was designed by a local company.2016年建造的这座大桥是由一家当地公司设计的。4．难点突破被动的动作已经完成being done 被动的动作正在发生被动的动作将要发生The meeting held yesterday is very important. 昨天开的会很重要。所It is said that there is a meeting to be held in the hall tomorrow. 据说明天这个大厅有个会议要举行。Ⅱ.过去分词作表语1．过去分词作表语时位于系动词(如be等)之后多表示主语的状态或状况它所体现的是形容词的特性。他们对这个消息感到兴奋。听到这个好消息他很受鼓舞。2．过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时强调主语所处的状态而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者强调动作。杯子破了。(系表结构)杯子被汤姆打破的。(被动语态)3．现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别过去分词 表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态常译作“感到……的”现在分词 表示事物具有的特性常译作“令人……的”They became so worried that they stayed