2017-2018学年高二英语人教版上学期期末热点汇总 专题03 必修五重点语法（讲解部分）Word版含解析.docVIP

要点一：过去分词作定语和表语 1.（2017·北京）Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students. A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent 【答案】 【拓展延伸】 作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。过去分词作定语分为前置和后置两种情况。 1．前置定语 单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。由及物动词转化而来的过去分词作定语，表示“被动和完成”含义，或只具有“被动”含义；由不及物动词转化而来的过去分词作定语，只表“完成”含义。 （1）被动和完成含义： ?We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions． 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。 （2）被动含义： ?She is a respected teacher．她是一位受人尊敬的老师。 （3）完成含义： ?They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard． 他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。 2．后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 ?This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (＝that has ever been written)． 这将是这类小说中写得最好的。 2. (2014·福建) For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________. A. connected B. connecting C. to connect D. to be connected 【答案】【试题解析】句意：对那些与家人离得比较远的人来说，笔记本电脑和电话在保持联系方面很重要。本句中的stay是一个连系动词，后接形容词作表语。connected是形容词化的过去分词，意为＂有联系的，有来往的＂，符合句意。 【拓展延伸】 过去分词作表语，通常表示主语所处的一种状态。 ?His colleagues were surprised at his absurd behaviour．同事们对他那荒诞的行为感到吃惊。 ?The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains．这座城市三面环山。 要点二：过去分词作宾语补足语 1.（2015·陕西）Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother_____ good care of at home. A. taking B. taken C. take D. be taken 【参考答案】B 【试题解析】句意：在非洲医疗援助两年回来后，Dr. Lee很高兴看见妈妈被照顾得很好。his mother和take care of是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语，所以选B。 2. (2015·浙江) Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it _____________ live is quite another. A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed 【参考答案】D 【归纳拓展】 过去分词作宾语补足语：表示“被动和完成”含义，或仅仅表示“状态”。 ?I have never heard the song sung in my school．我从未听过这首歌在我们学校唱过。 ?He watched the TV set carried out of the room．他看到电视机被搬到屋子外面了。 ?I had my leg broken in the football game．我的腿在足球赛中摔坏了。 要点三：过去分词作状语和定语 1.（2017·天津）The hospital has recently obtained