RTP amp; Rate AdaptationRTP amp；速率自适应.pptVIP

RTP RTP “Real-Time Transport Protocol” (not really a transport protocol) Provides source identification sequence number time stamping payload identification RTP Packet Format RTP Header payload type: 7 bits identify content (mp3? MPEG-1?) RTP Header sequence number: 16 bits packet sequence number RTP Header media timestamp: 32 bits the instant the first byte in this packet is captured RTP Header SSRC: 32 bits random, unique in a session identify a source (not host!) RTP Header marker bit: depends on payload e.g. beginning of frame On Receiving RTP packet check SSRC new source? existing source? which one? check payload type has format been changed? which decoder should I use? SSRC Attack! Send gazillion packets, each with different SSRC Remedy: consider as new source only after K packets soft-states RTCP RTCP Real-Time Control Protocol Provides receiver’s feedback network conditions time synchronization receiver’s description RTCP Packet Types Sender’s Report (SR) Receiver’s Report (RR) Source Description (SDES) Application Specific (APP) BYE Fields in SR NTP and RTP Timestamp relate media timestamp to real time Sender’s stats byte count, packet count Fields in SR + RR Reception Report Number of lost packets % of lost packets Inter-arrival jitter Timestamp of last SR Delay since last SR Fields in SDES Name, e-mail, phone, tool, location, notes etc. CNAME: unique and constant in a session Deducing Network Conditions Packet Loss Rate Interarrival Jitter Round Trip Time Calculating Packet Loss Ratio for each source, keep first sequence number S0 last sequence number Slast Expected packets = Slast – S0 Count how many received packets Calculating Interarrival Jitter Variance in packet spacing Define: Pi.arrival_time Pi.media_timestamp Pi.transit_time Calculating Interarrival Jitter Pi.transit_time = Pi.arrival_time - Pi.media_timestamp Difference in transit time for two consecutive packets = |Pi.transit_time