Clause as representation：从句表示.pptVIP

Circumstances Location: Temporal (when?) – She’ll arrive on Thursday. ?Spatial (where?) – She lives in Birmingham. Extent: Temporal (for how long?) – She has lived there for eight years. Spatial (how far?) – It slid halfway over the floor. Manner (means/quality/comparison) (how?) – Daddy went off quite happily at 7.40. He answered with a smile. Circumstances Cause: Reason (why?) – We have to be there early as it’s Friday. Purpose (what for?) – He popped over for a chat. Behalf (who for?) – He’s doing the shopping for me. Contingency (concession) – Despite his eagerness he’s unlikely to succeed. Accompaniment (who/what with?) – She returned with(out) her gun / with her friend. Circumstances Role: Guise (what as?) – He returned and remained at the hotel as an inoffensive tourist. Product (what into?) – The constables features broadened into a grin. Matter (what about?) – Ill wager he learns more about you than you about him. Angle (from what point of view?) – To a great mind, nothing is little. Ergativity Central concepts: Process Medium: Participant, typically the subject of the sentence (‘the entity through the medium of which the process comes into existence’ – Halliday p 164) Agent: ‘Doer of the action’ corresponding to Actor (‘the participant functioning as an external cause’ – Halliday) Range: covers all ‘object’ roles I opened the door. (Agent – Process – Range) The door was opened. (Medium – Process) The door opened. (Medium – Process) Oil floats on water. (Medium – Process – Location) The sugar dissolved. (Medium – Process) Lecture 7 Clause as representation Metafunctions: Ideational (construes human experience) – Transitivity Interpersonal (enacts human relationships) – Mood Textual (creates discourse) – Theme/Rheme Logical (links between components rather than unit–whole) Ideational function Experiential (modelling a domain of knowledge – construing organic ‘wholes’) Clause as representation Processes, participants, circumstances