Ignored Tactic in the War on Terror Explaining the Lack of Post 忽视战略反恐战争后缺乏解释.pptVIP

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2018-04-17 发布于江西
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Ignored Tactic in the War on Terror Explaining the Lack of Post 忽视战略反恐战争后缺乏解释.ppt

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Ignored Tactic in the War on Terror Explaining the Lack of Post 忽视战略反恐战争后缺乏解释.ppt

Terrorism or National Identity? Immigrant Integration and Security PolicySince September 11 Betsy Cooper St. John’s College, Oxford 17 December 2008 Overview Present: How has terrorism affected immigrant integration policy in the United States, United Kingdom, France and Canada? Future: Should it? Will it? Conclusions Definitions: Key Terms TERRORISM: a form of political violence or fear-inducing action targeting civilians outside the conduct of a declared war between nations (Reid 2002: 2) Only includes ‘immigration-related terrorists’ – those with first/second generation immigrant background IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION POLICY: an umbrella concept for settlement policies targeting immigrants and their families; contrasts with admissions and interior enforcement Broad integration strategies, plus noncitizen welfare benefits, naturalization, and policies targeting religion KEY QUESTION: How, if at all, has terrorism affected the development of immigrant integration policy in the UK/Canada/France/US? 9/11 theory: would predict greater effects in countries with terrorist attacks post-9/11 Methods and Case Selection METHODS: Process tracing of legislation and parliamentary debates; Content analysis of government documents; Elite interviews (off the record) Mainly post-9/11 policies considered but some from 1990 forward for comparison CASE SELECTION: Diverse selection on independent variable US had 9/11 UK had terrorist attack after 9/11 France had terrorist attack before 9/11 Canada had no terrorist attacks in relevant period Present: Effects of Terrorism on Integration Policy Little effects in most policy areas The UK No evidence that terrorism played any significant role in retraction of benefits to noncitizens in mid-1990s UK citizenship reforms were already proposed before both 9/11 and the 2001 disturbances Blunkett had revised the citizenship curriculum in the late 1990s, and planning for the immigrant citizenship test was a logical follow-on. The same adviser,