第四单元机 床运动形式.pptVIP

Unit 4 Machine movements and control 第4单元 机床运动及控制 Reading Target After reading this unit, you should be able to: Describe the three types of machine movement. Explain the two types of loop systems used with CNC controllers. Text 4.1 Positioning Control The basis of numerically controlled machining is the programmed movement of the machine slides to predetermined positions. This positioning is described in the following three ways: 4.1 定位控制 数控加工的基础就是对机床的滑板的运动进行编程，使其达到预先确定的位置。下面描述了三种定位控制方式： 4.1.1 Point-to-Point: Point-to-point positioning involves programming instructions that only identify the next position required. The position may be reached by movement in one or more axes. 4.1.1 点位定位：点位定位是指编写这样的指令，他们只识别所需的下一个位置。机床可通过一个或多个轴运动来达到所需位置。 Text 4.1.2 Line motion: Line motion control is also referred to as linear interpolation. The programmed movement results from instructions that specify the next required position and also the feed rate to be used to reach that position. Linear interpolation consists of any programmed points linked by straight lines, whether the points are close together or far apart. 4.1.2 直线运动：直线运动控制也叫做直线插补。被编程的运动由相关的指令产生，这些指令确定了所需要的下一个位置信息，以及在到达那个位置的过程中要使用的进给率。直线插补用线段把许多相距或近或远的编程点连起来。 Text 4.1.3 Contouring : Contouring, is the ability to control motions on two or more machine axes simultaneously to keep a constant cutter-workpiece relationship. The programmed information on the NC tape must accurately position the cutting tool from one point to the next and follow a predefined accurate path at a programmed feed rate in order to produce the form or contour required. 4.1.3 轮廓定位:轮廓定位，是指控制两个轴或多轴联动以保持恒定的刀具－工件相对位置的能力。NC纸带上的信息能够使刀具从一点到另一点准确定位，并按程序设定的进给速度沿预定路径运动，从而加工出所要求的形状或轮廓。 Text 4.2 Loop system for controlling tool movement A loop system sends electrical signals to drive motor controllers and receives some form of electrical feedback from the motor controllers. There are two ma