18-Absorption packed columns - Hyper-TVT：18吸收填充柱超TVT.pptVIP

* Packed absorption and stripping columns Prof. Dr. Marco Mazzotti - Institut für Verfahrenstechnik Packed columns are continuous contacting devices that do not have the physically distinguishable stages found in trayed columns. 1. HETP - approach In practice, packed columns are often analyzed on the basis of equivalent equilibrium stages using a Height Equivalent to a Theoretical Plate (HETP): Knowing the value of the HETP and the theoretical number of stages n of a trayed column, we can easily calculate the height H of the column : The HETP concept, unfortunately, has no theoretical basis. HETP values can only be calculated using experimental data from laboratory or commercial-size columns. For packed columns, it is preferable to determine packed height from a more theoretically based method using mass transfer coefficients. 2. Absorption: Mass transfer approach (HTU, NTU) L, x1 G, y1 T, p Process G, y2 y2 y spec L, x2 Furthermore, we introduce the coordinate z, which describes the height of the column. The absorption problem is usually presented as follows. There is a polluted gas stream coming out from a process. The pollutant must be recovered in order to clean the gas. At the bottom and the top of the column, the compositions of the entering and leaving streams are: z = 0 z = H x y The green, upper envelope is needed for the operating line of the absorption column. First, we need a material balance around the green, upper envelope of the column. It is the operating line, going through the point (x2,y2): y* = m x y1 Then we need the equilibrium condition: x1 We can now draw the equilibrium and operating line into the diagram. From the operating line with the smallest slope (Lmin/G), we can get (L/G) with the known formula: x y2 x2 y As a third equation, we need a mass transfer rate equation. We take a small slice of the column. The material balance over the “gas side” of this slice gives: S is the cross-sectional area of the tower. Please note that N,