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Factors and Multiples - Ellerbruchnmuedu因数与倍数- ellerbruchnmuedu.ppt

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Factors and Multiples - Ellerbruchnmuedu因数与倍数- ellerbruchnmuedu.ppt

Factors and Multiples Definition of Factors and Multiples If one number is a factor of a second number or divides the second (as 3 is a factor of 12), then the second number is a multiple of the first (as 12 is a multiple of 3). Definition of Factors and Multiples Also, if a and b are whole numbers and a does not equal 0, then a is a factor of b if and only if there is a whole number c such that ac = b. Components of Factors and Multiples Divisibility Tests Prime Numbers Greatest Common Factor Least Common Multiple Divisibility Tests A quick way to see if numbers are divisible Divisibility by 2 or 5 A number is divisible by 2 if the number represented by the units digit is divisible by 2. The number is divisible by 2 if the units digit is 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8. A number is divisible by 5 if the number represented by the units digit is divisible by 5. A number is divisible by 5 if its unit digit is 0 or 5. Divisibility by 3 or 9 A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3. A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9. Divisibility by 4 or 6 A number is divisible if the number represented by the last two digits of a number is divisible by 4, then the original number will be divisible by 4. A number is divisible by both 2 or 3, then it is divisible by 6. If it is not divisible by 2 and 3, then it is not divisible by 6. Prime Numbers Definition of a Prime Number A number which is divisible by 1 and itself, only has 2 factors. The first 10 prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29. Prime Number Test Suppose n is a whole number and k is the smallest whole number such that k * k is greater than n. If there is no prime number less than k that is a factor of n, then n is a prime number. Greatest Common Factor Definition of Greatest Common Factor For any two nonzero whole numbers a and b, the greatest common factor, written GCF(a, b) is the greatest factor (divisor) of both a and b. How to find Greatest Common F