Chap 16 Abstract Data Types：16章抽象数据类型.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Signals(Chap 10 in the book “Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment”) Acknowledgement : Prof. Y. Moon at Kangwon Nat’l Univ. Page * Signals Signals are software interrupts from unexpected events an illegal operation (e.g., divide by 0) a power failure an alarm clock the death of a child process a termination request from a user (Ctrl-C) a suspend request from a user (Ctrl-Z) APUE (Signals) Process Signal #8 Page * Predefined Signals (1/2) 31 signals /usr/include/signal.h Every signal has a name begin with ‘SIG’ SIGABRT: abort signal from abort() SIGALRM: alarm signal from alarm() Actions of the default signal handler terminate the process and generate a core(dump) ignores and discards the signal(ignore) suspends the process (suspend) resume the process APUE (Signals) * Signal Sources a process windowmanager shell command terminaldriver memorymanagement kernel other userprocesses SIGWINCH SIGKILL SIGINT SIGHUP SIGQUIT SIGALRM SIGPIPE SIGUSR1 Page * Predefined Signals (2/2) APUE (Signals) Page * Signal Generation Terminal-generated signals CTRL-C ? SIGINT CTRL-Z ? SIGSTP signal Hardware excepts generate signals divide by 0 ? SIGFPE invalid memory reference ? SIGSEGV kill() sends any signal to a process or process group need to be owner or super-user Software conditions SIGALRM: alarm clock expires SIGPIPE: broken pipe SIGURG: out-of-band network data APUE (Signals) Page * Handling of Signals Disposition or action:Process has to tell the kernel “if and when this signal occurs, do the following.” Ignore the signal:all signals can be ignored, except SIGKILL and SIGSTOP Let the default action apply:most are to terminate process APUE (Signals) Page * Representative UNIX Signals (1/2) SIGART : generated by calling the abort function. SIGALRM : generated when a timer set with the alarm expires. SIGCHLD : whenever a process terminates or stops, the signal is sent to the parent. SIGCONT : this signal sent to a stop