Pointers and Dynamic Arrays - Purdue University Calumet指针和动态数组-普渡大学.pptVIP

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Pointers and Dynamic Arrays - Purdue University Calumet指针和动态数组-普渡大学.ppt

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Pointers and Dynamic Arrays - Purdue University Calumet指针和动态数组-普渡大学.ppt

Lecture 18: Pointers and Dynamic Arrays Dr. Hairong Zhao /mcss/zhao/teaching/CS124/ Purdue University Calumet Overview Pointers (12.1) Dynamic Arrays (12.2) Classes and Dynamic Arrays(12.3) Pointers Pointers Powerful, but difficult to master Simulate call-by-reference When a variable is used as a call-by-reference argument, its address is passed Close relationship with arrays and strings Pointer Variable Declarations Pointer variables Normal variables contain a specific value (direct reference) Pointers contain the address of a variable that has a specific value (indirect reference) Pointer declarations * indicates variable is a pointer int *myPtr; declares a pointer to an int, a pointer of type int * Multiple pointers require multiple asterisks int *myPtr1, *myPtr2; Can declare pointers to any data type Pointer Variable Initialization Pointers initialization Initialized to 0, NULL, or an address 0 or NULL points to nothing The address of Operator (address operator) Returns the address of its operand Example int y = 5; int *yPtr; yPtr = y; // yPtr gets address of y yPtr “points to” y The Dereferencing Operator * (dereferencing operator) Returns the value of what its operand points to *yPtr returns y (because yPtr points to y). * can be used to assign a value to a location in memory *yptr = 7; // changes y to 7 A Pointer Example int v1 = 0; p1 = v1; *p1 = 42; cout v1 endl;cout *p1 endl; output: 42 42 Pointer Assignment The assignment operator = is used to assign the value of one pointer to another Example: If p1 still points to v1 (previous slide) then p2 = p1; causes *p2, *p1, and v1 all to name the same variable Caution: what is the difference of p1= p3; *p1 = *p3; The new Operator To create a pointer to a new nameless variable of type int: p1 = n