The Database Environment - University of Hawaii System数据库环境-夏威夷大学系统.pptVIP

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The Database Environment - University of Hawaii System数据库环境-夏威夷大学系统.ppt

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The Database Environment - University of Hawaii System数据库环境-夏威夷大学系统.ppt

ITM 354 Database Management Instructor: Dr. Nancy Deng xuefei@; (808) 956-7580 Visit Course URL: /ITM354.htm Your Comments/Suggestions Chapter 1:The Database Environment Modern Database Management 8th Edition Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Mary B. Prescott, Fred R. McFadden Data Matters! No. 1 Worlds Most Admired Airline (FORTUNE,2007) No. 1 2007 Americas Most Admired airline (FORTUNE,2007) . Chapter 1 Objectives 1) Definition of terms 2) Limitations of conventional file processing 3) Costs and risks of databases 4) Elements of database approach 6) Components of database environment 7) Evolution of database systems 1) Definitions: Data vs. Information Data: stored representations of meaningful objects and events Structured: numbers, text, dates Unstructured: images, video, documents Example: data for an auto repair shop Information: data processed to increase knowledge in the person using the data Database: organized collection of logically related data Definition: Metadata Metadata: data that describes the properties and context of user data. but separate from that data; Stored as part of the database. ---including data types, field sizes, allowable values, and data context Your Turn: Data or Metadata Disadvantages of File Processing Program-Data Dependence All programs maintain metadata for each file they use Duplication of Data Different systems/programs have separate copies of the same data Limited Data Sharing No centralized control of data Lengthy Development Times Programmers must design their own file formats Excessive Program Maintenance 80% of information systems budget Problems with Data Dependency Each application programmer must maintain his/her own data include code for the metadata of each file have its own processing routines for reading, inserting, updating, and deleting data Lack of coordination and central control Non-standard file formats Problems with Data Redundancy Waste of space to have duplicate data Causes more maintenance headache