The Solubility Product Constant (Ksp) - Vernon Hills High School溶度积常数（KSP）-弗农山中学.pptVIP

The Solubility Product Constant (Ksp) Pg. 614-621 The Solubility Product Constant Remember ? not all salts are soluble! AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) ? AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq) Write a net ionic equation for the above reaction: Write Keq for the above equation The Solubility Product Constant Since some AgCl remains an undissolved solid, the [AgCl] is constant: Keq [AgCl] = [Ag+]x[Cl-] = Ksp Ksp = solubility product constant Measured at 25oC Ksp for AgCl = 1.8x10-10 From table 17.3 on page 615 Practice Problems Write Ksp for each salt: PbCl2 and Ag2CrO4 Practice Problems What is the Ag+ concentration in a saturated AgCl solution at 25oC? (Ksp for AgCl = 1.8x10-10) Practice Problems Calcium fluoride has a Ksp of 3.9x10-11 at 25oC. What is the fluoride ion concentration at equilibrium? The Common Ion Effect Consider the following equation: PbCrO4 Pb+2 + CrO42- Ksp = 1.8x10-14 What happens if we add lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO3)2)? What are we really adding? Think about Le Chateliers Principle! The Common Ion Effect PbCrO4 Pb2+ + CrO42- PbCrO4 Pb2+ + CrO42- Extra Pb2+ Added The Pb2+ will precipitated until the product of Pb2+ and CrO42- is 1.8x10-14 The Ksp (just like the Keq) does not change when you add a reactant or product, the reaction shifts to accommodate this addition. The Common Ion Effect Common Ion: an ion added that is common to both salts Pb2+ was common to PbCrO4 and Pb(NO3)2 Adding a common ion causes solubility to decrease Called the common ion effect Common Ion Problems The Ksp of AgI is 8.3x10-17. What is the iodide-ion concentration of a 1.00-L saturated solution of AgI to which 0.020 mol AgNO3 is added? Another problem… Would precipitation occur when 500mL of a 0.02M solution of AgNO3 is mixed with 500mL of a 0.001M solution of NaCl? (Ksp for AgCl = 1.8x10-10) Before you go… A student prepares a solution by combining 0.025mol calcium chloride and 0.015mol lead (II) nitrate and adding water to make 1.0L of solution. Wil