几何原本-上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院.pdfVIP

39 2 228 自 然 辩 证 法 通 讯 Vol 39 No 2 (Serial No 228) 第 卷 第 期（总 期）　 　　　 　 　　　 . , . . 2017 年 3 月　　　　　　　　　Journal of Dialectics of Nature　　　　　　 　　March 2017 《几何原本》的传日及其影响考述 A Study on the Collection and Transmission of Jihe Yuanben in Japan 萨日娜 /Sa Rina ( 上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院， 上海，200240 ） (School of History and Culture of Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240) 摘　要：明末《几何原本》不仅影响了中国传统数学，传播到海外，在日本等东亚国家产生了较大影 响，对此尚未有详细论著出现。甚者，一些珍贵抄本的存在也未被中日学者所关注。本文考察欧几里得 几何学的传日，通过大量的实地调查全面了解到珍藏于日本各地图书馆和文库的明末《几何原本》版本， 介绍了未被学界关注的几种珍贵的抄本，探讨了其学术价值。一些日本学者认为，日本传统数学“和算” 中没有证明的观点，所以江户时期的人们无法理解欧几里得几何学的公理化体系和演绎体系，传日的《几 何原本》没有产生任何影响。文中笔者对此观点提出质疑，通过考察和研究指出了《几何原本》在德川 幕府“禁书令”颁布前后均大量传日，上到掌权的幕府官员或皇室成员，下到平民百姓，广泛收藏各种 版本，一些学者也认识到演绎证明的重要性，学习和研究西方几何学的历史事实。 关键词：《几何原本》 江户时期 再校本 抄本 Abstract: The late Ming Jihe Yuanben not only had influenced the Chinese traditional mathematics, but also on some East Asian countries by spreading overseas. But there haven’t been any particular works on its spreading in Japan even today. What’s more, some precious transcriptions have never been concerned by Chinese or Japanese scholars yet. This paper focuses on the spreading of Jihe Yuanben to Japan. The author introduces several rare transcriptions and discusses about their academic values which have been barely studied about in this circle after her field investigation in the Jihe Yuanben preserved in Japanese local libraries. Some Japanese scholars hold that the concept of “proof” does not exist in Japanese traditional mathematics “Wasan”, and therefore the people at the Edo Period could not understand how the Euclid axiom system and deductive system worked, thus Jihe Yuanben did not have any impact. The author puts forward to question about th