Vacuum break level control真空截止电平控制.pptVIP

Team Aquifers: Flow Control Device James Berg Jamison Hill Stephen Russo Scott Weeks CEE 454 - December 2004 Outline Introduction Project Goals Design Process Our Design Test Results Use in Developing Countries Recommendations for Further Research System Modeling Conclusions Project Goals Create a Point of Use Flow Control Device THAT… Maintains constant flow rate (20 L/day) through a slow sand filter Is easy to build, use, and maintain Has a low cost of construction Uses common materials Our Design Process Brainstorm ideas: Float Valves Clock Mechanism Pulley/Balance Chicken Waterer Elimination based on design criteria No/minimal moving parts No precision machining Easy to adjust flow rate and maintain the system Preliminary Design Our Design: How it Works Flow Control Animation Range of Flow Rates: Equations for Constant Head Above an Orifice Flow rate: Surface Tension: Force of Gravity on a drop: Pressure force from water above: Range of Flow Rates: Analysis Testing the System Test Results: Volume in Clear Well Steady flow into clear well = 14 mL/min Test Results: Derivative of Volume Test Results: Flow Through Filter BUT flow through the filter varied greatly!! Testing: Steady State Solution??? Observation: When vacuum in raw water tank is completely lost, flow increases Hypothesis: Can minimize flow peaks by maintaining vacuum in the tank Solution: Small hole in the side of the aspirator tube allows steady flow of air bubbles Test Results: Conclusions Able to control the average flow rate out of the flow control device The flow through the sand filter was very inconsistent Spikes of high flow Long periods of no flow Achieved high removal of turbidity Raw water initially had turbidity of 90 NTU Water in the effluent had turbidity of 3 NTU Applications in Developing World As a flow control device for chlorine or alum delivery, our device is: Cheap Easy to build Has no moving parts, so as not prone to failur