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What is metadata? Structured data about something Encountered every day bus rail timetables phone directories Internet shopping sites (e.g. Amazon) ingredient lists on food items calendars (public holidays, religious festivals) event (e.g. seminar, workshop) programme More about metadata Structured data about resources Library catalogues Abstracting and indexing services Archival finding aids Museum documentation Collection description Community information Carriers Formats (e.g. MARC) Markup languages (e.g. HTML, SGML, XML) Markup languages SGML = Standard Generalised Markup Language - controls document formatting for publication XML = Extensible Markup Language - “next generation” SGML HTML = Hyper Text Markup Language - SGML subset, controls display of web pages All use tags (usually paired) to structure text into elements e.g. headings, paragraphs, lists, etc. title /title p /p li /li Overview MARC ONIX Dublin Core application profiles RSLP Collection Description MARC 21 Community Information Other metadata types MARC Formats MAchine Readable Catalogue records Library of Congress, 1960s Now widespread use in many countries Catalogue once, use record many times Holdings can be attached 1960s: books, serials, maps, music scores 2006: any physical or digital resource MARC - structure Structured format and carrier Numeric and alpha tags Fixed fields Leader, 001-008, 010-099 Variable fields 100, 110, 111, 245, 260, etc. MARC - elements 1XX Main entry 2XX Title, Statement of Responsibility, edition, publication 3XX Physical description 4XX Series information 5XX Notes 6XX Subject access 7XX Added entries (alternative titles, multiple authors, etc.) 8XX Added entries for series 9XX References and local use fields MARC 21 record 021 $a 0761952926 082 $s 338.9 $c 21 100 $a Nederveen Pieterse, Jan P. 245 $a Development theory: $b deconstruction. 260 $a London: $b Sage, $c 2001 300 $a xii, 195p. $c 25cm $e cased 440 $a Theory, culture and society 650 $a