Polynomials and Radical Expressions多项式的根的表达式.pptVIP

Polynomials and Radical Expressions (Chapter 5) Properties of Exponents am . an = a(m + n) am / an = a(m ? n) (am)n = a(m?n) (a ? b)m = am ? bm (a / b)m = am / bm a0 = 1 Negative Exponents a-n = 1 and 1 = an an a-n Scientific Notation a x 10n where 1 a 10 and n is an integer. Monomials (5.1) monomial = an expression that is a number, a variable, or the product of a number and one or more variables. constant = a monomial that contains no variables. coefficient = the number part of a monomial. degree (of a monomial) = the sum of the exponents of the variables. 3 is a constant (degree of 0). 3x2 has a degree of 2. 3x2y4z5 has a degree of 11. Variables in monomials must have whole number exponents. If a variable is under a radical sign or in a denominator, then it is not a monomial. and 1/x2 are not monomials. Polynomials (5.3) polynomial = a monomial or a sum of monomials. terms = the monomials that make up a polynomial. like terms = terms with the same variables with the same exponents. binomial = a polynomial with two unlike terms. trinomial = a polynomial with three unlike terms. degree (of a polynomial) = the degree of its largest monomial. Adding Polynomials To add polynomials, add like terms. To subtract polynomials, subtract like terms, or distribute the negative into the second polynomial and then add like terms. Multiplying Polynomials To multiply monomials, multiply the coefficients and follow the exponent rules for the variables. To multiply two binomials together, use F.O.I.L. To multiply larger polynomials, use M.E.T.W.E.T. Dividing Polynomials (5.3) To divide a polynomial by a monomial, divide each term by the monomial. To divide a polynomial by another polynomial, use long division. (D.M.S.B.R.) To divide a polynomial by a first-degree binomial, use synthetic division. Write the coefficients in a row (in descending order). Write the opposite of the constant of the divisor to the left. Bring down the first number. Multi