Conduct Disorder - University of Kentucky品行障碍-肯塔基大学.pptVIP

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) Age-inappropriate, stubborn, hostile, and defiant behavior, including: losing temper arguing with adults active defiance or refusal to comply deliberately annoying others blaming others for mistakes or misbehavior being “touchy” or easily annoyed anger and resentfulness spitefulness or vindictiveness Conduct Disorder (CD) A repetitive and persistent pattern of violating basic rights of others and/or age-appropriate societal norms or rules, including: aggression to people and animals (e.g., bullying, threatening, fighting, using a weapon) destruction of property (e.g., deliberate fire setting) deceitfulness or theft (e.g., “conning” others, shoplifting, breaking into others’ property) serious violations of rules (e.g., running away, truancy, staying out at night without permission) Characteristics of Conduct Disorder Behavioral manifestations: Aggression Defiance Dimensions Severity Frequency Intensity breadth Criteria for Conduct Disorder Costs to Society Large – see overhead Costs for one youth over a million dollars Etiology/Risk Factors Biological – lots of ??s Correlations are not well understood Psychological/Personality Factors Perceived hostility Accepting of aggression Problem solving Early temperament learning Etiology/Risk Factors cont’ Parents/Socialization Lack of attention and/or inconsistency Peers poverty Environmental/Situational Factors Alcohol or drug abuse Access to weapons crowds Stability of Disorder Discipline problems Breadth of problems Predictors: Age of onset Breadth of deviance Parent characteristics Prevalence Gender Differences Prevalence 2%-6% for CD 12% for ODD Gender differences in childhood, antisocial behavior 3-4 times more common in boys differences decrease/disappear by age 15 boys remain more violence-prone throughout lifespan; girls use more indirect and relational forms of aggression Developmental Course Earliest sign usually difficult temperament in infancy Two Pathways life-course-persi