Amino Asitler：氨基asitler.pptVIP

Amino acids, peptides, and proteins Properties of Amino Acids capacity to polymerize novel acid-base properties varied structure and chemical functionality chirality Basic Amino Acid Structure Amino Acid Enantiomers Amino Acid Classification Aliphatic Aromatic Sulfur containing Polar/uncharged basic/acidic Aliphatic (alkane) Amino Acids Aromatic Amino Acids All very hydophobic All contain aromatic group Absorb UV at 280 nm Phenylalanine(Phe, F) Tyrosine(Tyr,Y) – -OH ionizable (pKa = 10.5), H-Bonding Tryptophan(Trp, W) – bicyclic indole ring, H-Bonding WEB LINK Sulfur Containing Amino Acids Methionine (Met, M) – “start” amino acid, very hydrophobic, sulfur present in thioester linkage Cysteine (Cys,C) – sulfur in form of sulfhydroyl, important in disulfide linkages, weak acid, can form hydrogen bonds. WEB LINK Acidic Amino Acids Basic Amino Acids Hydrophillic nitrogenous bases Positively charged at physiological pH Histidine – imidazole ring protonated/ionized, only amino acid that functions as buffer in physiol range. Lysine - diamino acid, protonated at pH 7.0 Arginine - guianidinium ion always protonated, most basic amino acid WEB LINK Polar Uncharged Amino Acids Essential/Non-Essential Amino Acids Essential – arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine,threonine, tryptophan, valine Non-essential – alanine, aspartate, asparagine, cysteine, glutamate, glycine, proline, serine, tyrosine Titration Curve for Alanine Titration Curve for Glutamic Acid Titration Curve for Lysine pKa’s of charged amino acids R-groups Aspartate/Glutamate = 4.0 Histidine = 6.0 Cysteine = 8.4 Tyrosine = 10.5 Lysine = 9.1 Arginine = 12.5 Protein Nomenclature Peptides 2 – 50 amino acids Proteins 50 amino acids Amino acid with free a-amino group is the amino-terminal or N-terminal residue Amino acid with free a-carboxyl group is the carboxyl-terminal or C-terminal residue Three letter code – Met-Gly-Glu-Thr-Arg-His Single letter code - MGETRH Peptid