ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY - PARASS 原子吸收光谱法-帕拉斯的.pptVIP

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY INTRODUCTON: Atomic absorption spectroscopy is deals with the absorption of specific wave length of of radiation by neutral atoms in the ground state. This phenomenon is similar to UV spectroscopy, where absorption of radiation by molecules occur. Neutral atoms are obtained by spraying the sample solution of element using a burner. Specific wavelength of radiation is generated by using a hollow cathode lamp. for determination of every element , separate hollow cathode lamp is required. PRINCIPLE: When solution of metalic salt is sprayed on to a flame, fine droplets are formed , due to the thermal energy of the flame , the solvent in the flame is evaporated , leaving a fine residue, which are converted to neutral atoms. These neutral atoms absorb radiation of specific wavelength , emitted by hollow cathode lamp(HCL).hollow cathode lamp is filled with the vapour of element , which gives specific wavelength of radiation. For the determination of every element, hollow cathode lamp is selected, which contains vapour of the element to be analysed although this appear to be demerits of AAS , specificities can be achieved only by the use of HCL. The intensity of light absorbed by the neutral atom is directly proportion to the concentration of the element and obeys Beers law over a wide concentration range. The intensity of radiation absorbed by neutral atoms is measured using photometric detectors (PMT) In AAS the temperature of the flame is not critical , since the thermal energy of flame isused to atomise the sample solution to fine droplets , to form a fine residue and later to neutral atoms. The exitation of neutral atoms is brought about only by radiation from hollow cathode lamp and not by the thermal energy of the flame. INSTRUMENTATION HOLLOW CATHODE LAMP The lamp or source of light in AAS is a hollow cathode lamp. The cathode is made up of specific element or alloys of elements or coating of element on cathode. When cur