Gohfer 培训英文课件10-unconventional-reservoir-stimulation.pptxVIP

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Gohfer 培训英文课件10-unconventional-reservoir-stimulation.pptx

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Unconventional?Reservoir?StimulationR.?D.?BarreeBarree??Associates?LLC How?Do?We?Optimize?Stimulation?Designs??????Experience – Our?personal?observations – Our?past?history – Our?expectations?of?what?will?be?successfulDiagnostics – Pump‐in?tests – Fracture?mapping – Tracers?(chemical?and?RA)Reservoir?characterization – Log?analysis – Core?studiesModels – Fracture?geometry? ? LEFM,?planar,?2D,?3D,?coupled,?shear?decoupled? – Reservoir?production ? single?phase,?multiphase,?transient,?infinite?acting,?isotropic,?Darcy?Are these transferable from conventional to unconventional? ??2009What?Are?Unconventional?Reservoirs????Tight?and?ultra‐tight?gas?sands – Perm?less?than?what??0.01?md? – Composed?of? ? Fluvial?channels?and?lenticular?sands – Anisotropic?and?discontinuous?bodiesGas?shales – What?is?a?shale,?anyway? ? Typically?less?than?20‐30%?clay ? May?be?quartzitic?or?carbonaceous ? Fine?grained,?small?pore‐size,?high?TOC? – What?is?the?production?mechanism? ? Darcy’s?law?for?free‐gas?flow? ? Diffusion?from?kerogen? – How?do?we?estimate?gas?content?and?recoveryCoalbed?Methane? – Wet?or?dry?coals? – What?is?the?permeability?of?the?cleat?system? – What?controls?gas?content?and?recovery? ? Desorption?isotherm? ? De‐watering?or?rate?of?pressure?decline???2009 Puzzles?for?Unconventional?Reservoir? Development? Pay?identification?and?Gas?In‐Place – Porosity,?saturation,?TOC,?desorption?isotherm,?net?pay,? drainage?area,?aspect?ratio? Permeability – Porosity?and?Sw?relations,?stress?dependence,?effects?of? fractures,?capillary?effects?(perm?jail?)?????Stimulation?design?– frac?geometryProduction?forecasting?and?EURApplying?pressure?diagnosticsManaging?stimulation?damage?Perforating??2009Gas?Storage?v.?Frac?Placementand?Production? Logs?(DTC?step‐out)?help?show?gas?and?TOC?content? Areas?of?high?gas?content?may?not?be?productive– Gas?is?there?because?it?is?trapped– Gas?may?be?at?high?pressure,?increasing?frac?gradient– High?stress?and?no?“natural”?fractures?means?no?frac?place