[计算机软件及应用]chapter 13 managing loans.pptVIP

13.1 Types of Loans 13.2 Regulation of Lending 13.3 Steps in the lending process 13.4 Credit analysis 13.5 Loan reviews 13.6 Pricing Loans Real estate loans Financial Institution Loans Agriculture loans Consumer and industrial loans Loans to individual Miscellaneous loans Lease financing receivables 13.6.1 Methods used to price business loans Cost-Plus Pricing Models 成本加成定价法 Price Leadership Pricing Models成本领导定价法 Below Prime Market Pricing (Markup Model) 低于基本利率的市场定价法(加成模型) Loans Bearing Maximum Interest Rates 设定最高利率的贷款 Customer Profitability Analysis 客户利润分析 Cost-Plus Loan Pricing Customer Profitability Analysis Estimate Total Revenues From Loans and Other Services Estimate Total Expenses From Providing Net Loanable Funds Estimate Net Loanable Funds Estimate Before Tax Rate of Return By Dividing Revenues Less Expenses By Net Loanable Funds 13.6.2 Methods used to consumer loans The APR is the Internal Rate of Return that Equates Total Payments With the Amount of the Loan. 年百分率是等于贷款偿还总额的内部回报率 In Simple Interest the Customer Only Pays Interest On the Amount of the Principal Left. 客户只需根据剩余本金数额支付利息 First the Declining Loan Balance is Calculated and That Reduced Balance is Used to Calculate the Amount of Interest Owed 先计算贷款余额的减少幅度, 减少后的贷款余额用来计算应付的利息 Example Interest owed = Principle x Rate x Time If loan principal paid at maturity: I = $2,000 x 0.12 x 1 = $240 If the loan principal is to be paid off in 4 quarterly installments of $500 each: I1= $2,000 x 0.12 x ? = $60 I2 = $1,500 x 0.12 x ? = $45 I3 = $1,000 x 0.12 x ? = $30 I4 = $500 x 0.12 x ? = $15 I = I1 + I2 + I3 + I4 = $ 150 $240 The Discount Rate Method Requires the Customer to Pay the Interest in Advance. 要求客户先支付利息 Interest is Deducted First and the Customer Receives the Loan Amount Less Any Interest Owed 首先减去利息, 客户再收到减去利息之后的贷款金额 $2,000 - $240 = $1,760, 240/2,000 = 12% Effective loan rate 有效贷款利率