初三英语总复习之——定语从句.docVIP

定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句作定语在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词，that, which who(宾格 whom,所有格 whose)和关系副词when, where ,why, 关系代词或关系副词在先行词和定语从句之间其联系作用，同时又做定语从句的一个成分。 关系代词的用法。 that指物，有时也指人，在从句中做主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可以省略。 his father works in a factory that/which makes tv sets. 主语指物 Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday.主语指物 A plane is a machine that/which can fly.主语指物 The coat which/that I put on the desk is black.宾语可省略 The books that/which they bought were written by me.宾语可省略 注意：which和that指物时可以互换，但that比which更常见，尤其在口语中，但要注意that可指人而which则不能指人。 who 指人，that 指物外有时也指人，在从句中做主语或宾语。宾语可省略，作主语不可以省略。 the girl who often helps me with my english is from england. 主语 the teacher who spoke at the meeting just now is having a rest in his office. Anyone who wants to pass the exam must work hard every day. The boy that /who is playing football on the ground is my brother. The girl who/that weren’t badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. The girl who/that I like isn’t here now.宾语可省略 He knew the teacher who/whom/that we met yesterday. 3 Whom 指人为who的宾格。其前没有介词时可以用who代替也可省略。 （1）who is the teacher that/whom/who xiaoli is talking to? (2) the doctor with whom she went to the united states last month is very famous. 注意：在定语从句中常用介词，当介词放在从句末尾时，who/that/which仍然可以省去，但把介词提到关系代词前，只能用介词加which/whom的结构。这时which不能用that代替。Whom也不可用who代替。 如：the room that/which I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. 注意：固定词组，不可把介词提到前边。 如：here are the picture books that/which the chicken are looking for. 只能that不能用which引导的定语从句。 定语从句所修饰的词被形容词最高级所修饰时 e.g. this is the most interesting story that I have ever heard. 可省略。 （2）定语从句所修饰的词被序数词所修饰时。 The children like the second lesson that is about”the football match” （3）定语从句所修饰的词被the only, the very ,the same所修饰时。 It is the only word that I know in the passage.可省略 This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那个车。 （4）定语从句所修饰的词被不定代词，all, any no every little much many等词修饰时，只能用that引导，但something 前有the时 定语从句可由which引出修饰the something. Here is somethi