研究生-国际经济学萨瓦尔多-tariff-课前演讲ppt.pptxVIP

General Equilibrium Effects of a Tariff in a Small countryCrystal DaiMain character of A Small CountryFree trade1:11:1THENX productA Small CountryImpose 100%Domestic X Tariff A Big CountryImpose 100%Domestic X Tariff Domestic priceY:X1：21:2p1:1World priceY:X1:11:2p1:1reasonSmall import decrease can’t influence the demand of the whole worldLarge import decrease dramatically influence the demand of the whole worldEffects of a Tariff in a Small CountryName it as A nationThis small nation:1.Capital-abundant 2.Specializes in the Y production3.Y is a capital-intensive commodity4.Nationals prefer to export Y to import XFree trade World exchange curve2 curves OverlappedYDomestic exchange curveWorld exchange base on the production of A nation(across the production point)Ex 60Y for Im 60XIndifference curvePw=Pd=1:1A nation ProductionFrontierxchange of the Domestic exchange curve (Change of the slope)Product X Imposed 100% Domestic Tariff Domestic priceY:X1:1 1:2World priceY:X1:1 1:1Y..Domestic exchange curvePw=1:1Pd=1:2ProductionFrontierxWorld exchange curve(across the production point)Domestic exchange curveY.The need of the X in the nation is 80So,15 unit are need85.ex 30Y for im 30XIndifference curve55Pw=1:1Pd=1:265C80TAX95xNeed extra 30XProhibitive Tariff:Minimum ad valorem rate that make the tariff prohibitive.In this case is 300% or above.(effectively resist the X import)Product X Imposed 300% Domestic Tariff Domestic priceY:X1:1 1:4World priceY:X1:1 1:1YDomestic exchange curveThe need of the X in the nation is 80So, none extra X are need.World exchange curve(across the production spot)Pd=1:4X80The Stolper-Samuelson TheoremAn increase in the relative price of a commodity (caused such as by tariff)raises the return or earning of the factor used intensively in the production will rise with the imposition of a tariff.A nation Capital-abundantLack of LaborPrefer to produce Y import tariff of X Product XLabor-intensiveLabor price will increaseAnalysis of This A natio