50岁及以下非前列腺癌男性基础psa和psav的特点：种族差异 word格式.docxVIP

Characteristics of Baseline PSA and PSA Velocity in Young male without Prostate Cancer: Racial differencesBackgoundAs a tumor marker, prostate specific antigen (PSA) is widely used in prostate cancer screening, and significantly increased the diagnosis of prostate cancer. No uniform international standard was set for PSA threshold in men age under 50. Some scholars have suggested reducing the threshold of PSA level for early detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer, which aimed to improve quality of life and prolong life expectancy. There are three main reasons for reducing the threshold of PSA in male age under 50. First, the age adjusted mortality rate for prostate cancer per 100,000 males between ages 55 and 64 is 18. Since death from prostate cancer occurs, on average, 15 to 20 years after diagnosis of an early cancer, men dying at age 55 to 64 likely could have been cured by diagnosis and effective treatment prior to age 50.Second, clinically limited curable cancer could be detected more easily by using PSA for screening in younger male. Finally, as young male is less likely to have serious underlying diseases, more direct treatments, such as surgery, could be selected. The incidence rate of prostate cancer in male age under 50 was 0.8% -1%, with variation between different ethnics. Prognosis could be improved by early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Some studies showed that measurement of the first PSA (baseline PSA) could predict the risk of prostate cancer. Rate of change in prostate specific antigen (prostate specific antigen velocity, PSAV) has been well proven to be capable of offering systematic assessment on the risk of prostate cancer. Combination of PSAV and PSA can guided prostate biopsy, and improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing prostate cancer. To our knowledge no prior published comparison data with regard to the characteristics of PSA and PSA velocity among young Chinese, African American (AA), and Caucasian American (CA) men in t