北航“软件项目管理”讲义-3-2009.pptVIP

* 软件工程管理 Software Engineering Management BeiHang College of Software Oct. 2009- Dec. 2009 康一梅 kangyimei@ Chapter 3 Software Project Management Software Project Initiation Introduction Software Project Initiation Project Initiation Initiation, which involves committing the organization to begin a project or continue to the next phase of a project. An output of initiation processes is a project charter, which is a key document for formally recognizing the existence and providing a broad overview of a project. Strategic Planning and Project Selection Software Project Initiation Successful managers look at the big picture or strategic plan of the organization to determine what types of projects will provide the most value. Therefore, the project initiation process involves identifying potential projects, using realistic methods to select which projects to work on, and then formalizing their initiation by issuing some sort of project charter. Strategic Planning and Project Selection Software Project Initiation Identifying Potential Projects IT Strategy Planning Business Area Analysis Project Planning Resource Allocation IT strategy to mission and vision of organization. Identify key business areas. Document key business processes that could benefit from information technology. Define potential projects. Define project scope, benefits, and constraints. Select IT projects. Assign resources. IT Planning Stages Results Produced SWOT Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Strategic Planning and Project Selection Software Project Initiation Business Factors for Selecting Projects 发展 维持 收获 放弃 10x 1x 0.1x 22% 10% 0 相对市场份额 市场增长率 明星类 问题类 现金牛类 瘦狗类 Strategic Planning and Project Selection Software Project Initiation Methods for Selecting Projects Focusing on broad organizational needs Categorizing software projects Performing net present value or other financial analysis Using a weighted scoring model