Hypotaxis and Parataxis 英汉语言对比.pptVIP

Hypotaxis and Parataxis 1 英语的形合美 Hypotaxis: English is hypotactic, namely, English is a language in which the logical meaning of a group of sentences is conveyed by using external methods, such as inserting connectives in between. English is mainly hypotactic. Various kinds of cohesive ties are applied to make the writing coherent(overt coherence显性连贯). These cohesive ties include all kinds of relatives (who, whom, whose, that, which, what, when, where, why, how) connectives (and, or, but, yet, so, however, as well as, neither…nor, either…or…, etc.), prepositions, participle phrases, absolute participle construction, etc. (or all kinds of transitional words and expressions). 1) Transgenic plants and animals result from genetic engineering experiments in which genetic material is moved from one organism to another, so that the latter will exhibit a characteristic. 2 汉语的意合美 Parataxis: Chinese is mainly paratactic, namely, Chinese is a language in which the logical meaning of a group of sentences is not presented by the use of connectives, instead, conveyed through the context. If English abounds itself with these cohesive ties, Chinese involves few cohesive ties. Chinese attaches great importance to covert coherence 隐性连贯, and contextual meaning. 2)今天晚上，很好的月光。(《狂人日记》) 3)别人慌张自不必讲，独有薛蟠比诸人忙到十分去。又恐薛姨妈被人挤到，又恐薛宝钗被人瞧见，又恐香菱被人臊皮——知道贾珍等是在女人身上做工夫的，因此忙的不堪。忽一眼瞥见了林黛玉风流婉转，已酥倒在那里。（第二十五回 魇魔法叔嫂逢五鬼 红楼梦通灵遇双真） The others, it goes without saying, were still more distraught. But of them all Xue Pan was the most frantic, being afraid that in the crush his mother might be knocked over, Baochai stared at, or Xiangling exposed to indignities —for he knew what libertines Jia Zhen and the rest were. Then, his eye suddenly falling on Daidu, he was so enraptured by her charms that he almost melted on the spot. 问其故？曰：人未能无心，终为阴阳所缚，安得无数？但惟凡人有数；极善之人，数固拘他不定；极恶之人，数亦拘他不定。汝二十年来，被他算定，不曾转动一毫，岂非是凡夫？《了凡四训》Feeling confused by what he said, I asked the Master to explain. He answered:An average persons mind