碳化硅冶炼工艺毕业论文-精选.doc

碳化硅冶炼工艺 摘要：碳化硅的冶炼方法合成碳化硅所用的原料主要是以SiO2为主要成分的脉石英或石英砂与以C为主要成分的石油焦，低档次的碳化硅可用地灰分的无烟煤为原料。辅助原料为木屑和食盐。碳化硅有黑、绿两种。冶炼绿碳化硅时要求硅质原料中SiO2含量尽可能高，杂质含量尽量低。生产黑碳化硅时，硅质原料中的SiO2可稍低些。对石油焦的要求是固定碳含量尽可能高，灰分含量小于1.2%，挥发分小于12.0%，石油焦的粒度通常在2mm或1.5mm以下。木屑用于调整炉料的透气性能，通常的加入量为3%~5%（体积）。食盐仅在冶炼绿碳化硅时使用。 硅质原料与石油焦在2000~2500℃的电阻炉内通过以下反应生成碳化硅： SiO2+3C→SiC+2CO↑-526.09Kj CO通过炉料排出。加入食盐可与Fe、Al等杂质生成氯化物而挥发掉。木屑使物料形成多孔烧结体，便于CO气体排出。 关键词：碳化硅 冶炼方法 原料 石油焦 调整 Silicon carbide way to the focal raw materials ABSTRACT：Silicon carbide Synthetic method of combining Silicon carbide the raw materials, mainly SiO2 for the main ingredient quartz or sands and quartz in c for the main elements of the oil is burnt，Lower-end establishments Silicon carbide use gray points in the anthracite for raw materials.Auxiliary materials as chips and Table salt,Silicon carbide black, green two.Smelting green silicon Silicon carbide that the quality of the material SiO2 content as content as low, impurityBlack Silicon carbide production, quality materials in the silicon SiO2 but a little low Oil is burnt to the requirements of the fixed carbon content as content, gray points less than 1.2% to 12.0% in less than volatile oil of granularity usually 2mm or subtracting. the following.Wood shavings used for adjustment of the training material, usually to the performance of 3% ~ 5% ，only in volume. Table salt Smelting green Silicon carbide using quality raw materials. the silicon with oil burnt in 2000 ~ 2500 ℃ resistance by the fire in response to generate Silicon carbide ： SiO2+3C→SiC+2CO↑-526.09Kj Co made by the fire. add Table salt with other impurities fe, things that al had generated Chloride and volatile. the material of a porous burned Ties the body for co gas venting. Keywords ： Silicon carbide Smelting way to the focal adjustment of raw oil quality 目录 1 1 2 碳化硅的性质与生产原料 3 2.1碳化硅的性质 3 2.2碳化硅生产原料 4 3 工业硅合成工艺 5 3.1碳化硅冶炼基本原理 5 3.2.1艾奇逊法 6 3.2.2 ESK法 7 4 碳化硅的应用 11 5 结论 12 致谢 13 参考文献 14 1 前 言 工业用碳化硅年研制成功，是最早的人造磨料。在陨石和地壳中虽有少量碳化硅存在，但迄今尚未找